Showing posts with label auditory discrimination. Show all posts
Showing posts with label auditory discrimination. Show all posts

Thursday, April 19, 2012

Multisensory Handwriting Instruction

http://www.hwtears.com/hwtconnections/2012/march/feature     March 2012



Easy Ways to Make Handwriting Instruction Multisensory


Goodbye to boring handwriting drills. Hello to fun and achievement for all!
Multisensory teaching strategies will help engage all of your students’ senses in a fun, interactive way. This approach creates a dynamic classroom environment where all children succeed, regardless of learning style or background.
Here are some strategies for creating dynamic classrooms and taking advantage of students’ natural inclinations:
 
 
Visual
  • Use large step-by-step visual directions to teach letter formation.
  • Demonstrate at the board or easel using large arm movements and props so students can see easily and follow along.
  • Use large, clear illustrations that promote left-to-right directionality.

Tactile
  • Use Wet–Dry–Try (see video) activities on a slate or blackboard for repetition and fun without boredom.
  • Provide opportunities for finger tracing and coloring.
  • Encourage building activities that teach letter formation and promote motor skill development.

Auditory
  • Use consistent, child-friendly language for memorable lessons.
  • Incorporate music and different voices to engage students and teach various language arts skills including rhyme, letters and numbers, words, sentences, and more.
  • Play Mystery Letter games (PDF) with your class to delay auditory letter cues and break bad habits.

Kinesthetic
  • Incorporate music and movement to teach letter formation, social skills, and body awareness and to help children develop motor skills and coordination.

Use multisensory instruction with any letter, word, or sentence lesson and watch your classroom come alive. The hands-on approach is also great for learning cursive connections, size, and placement. See our hands-on products.
It’s easy to give fun, memorable handwriting lessons in just minutes per session. It’s okay to sing, be silly, and create your own activities. The important thing is to captivate your students and encourage them to participate. You will be delighted with how quickly and easily they learn.
 
 
 
Classroom Tip:
 
 
The Hand Activity
(Taken from the Kindergarten Teacher’s Guide)
Beginning printers are still figuring out letter size. They are still learning the difference between capital and lowercase letters. You see this when they write “cows” like this: “cOwS” or “Jacob” like this “JaCOb.” You see that when they float a descending letter like "g" or "y" or "p."
 
hand activity
 
You can help them. Here is a delightful hand activity for teaching correct size and placement of capitals and lowercase letters. This is fun for a child or a whole class. It captures their attention and gets them moving. As you use the activity you can see them mastering letter size and placement!
 
Directions for Letter Activity:
  1. Point to the Wall Chart to show the letter (Any letter – Aa, Dd, Gg for example)
  2. Children hold up the right hand for the lowercase
  3. Make a fisted hand for small letters (a, c , e, I, m, n, o, r, s, u, v, w, x, z)
  4. Point the index finger up for tall letters (b, d, f, h, k, l, t)
  5. Point the thumb down for descending letters (g, j, y, p, q)
Directions for Word Activity: (Any word - dog, ship, game, etc.)
  1. Show a lowercase word on the board or in a book.
  2. Read the letters in the word together from left to right.
  3. Use one hand to show the hand position for each letter as it’s named.
Note: Don’t use this activity for children learning sign language because it may create confusion.

Friday, April 22, 2011

Ear Infections' Impact on Reading


Two of my family members have children that recently had tubes placed in their ears due to recurring ear infections.  Because of my 25 years in the field of special education, with 7 years in private practice, I spoke to both of them about watching the potential of reading difficulties further down the road.  There are many easy to find sources of information connecting ear infections and language delay, but the sources that connect ear infections and reading delays aren't in the mainstream, yet.

A majority of students that I have worked with who had reading difficulties also had recurring ear infections in their early years.  When fluid builds up in the ears, sounds are muffled like listening to the sounds under water.  Most children will have at least one middle ear infection in the first year of life; it is the recurring ear infections that can have the most impact.  It is said that 10-20 percent of children will have ear infections three or more times, with the fluid lasting an average of one month each time, while the persistent ear fluid is more common in children under two years old.  The middle ear contains air which causes the vibration of the bones to produce sound.  When there is fluid in the space instead, the bones do not vibrate which may cause a mild, temporary hearing loss, or inefficient sound processing.

So, during the first three years of life when the child is tuning into the sounds of their language, the fluid in the ears are giving inconsistent and inefficient speech sounds which are difficult to process.  Speech sounds are called phonemes, blended phonemes make up words, like /c/ /a/ /t/ says cat.  If you hear /c/ /a/ /t/, then you can later match up those sounds with the letters to spell or read cat.  If you are getting inconsistent feedback from your ears, cat can sound like cap, tat, etc.  Phonological awareness, understanding how speech sounds are used in words, is the basis for reading success.  The lack of auditory discrimination, difficulty differentiating the difference in similar sounds, especially in the first three years of life may impact the child's future reading skills. 

In private practice, I saw students in all age groups have dificulty with phonological awareness.  Three keys to the success of the students were receiving occupational therapy with a sensory integration approach, therapeutic listening to help retrain the brain to process sensory information more efficiently, and direct instruction in phonological awareness.  This approach was very successful, and I would encourage any parent to seek out an occupationl therapist that has a sensory integration focus who is also trained in therapeutic listening. 

There are a couple of different ways to find an occupational therapist with knowledge of therapeutic listening.  One way is to go to Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation (SPD) and look through their directory of service providers. 

Click on the link to go to that site.   http://www.spdfoundation.net/directory/index.html
While you're there, look into their site, it's an excellent resource for research and current trends.

Another site that you can access is Vital Links, founded by Sheila M. Frick, OTR.  This link sends you right to their provider list which you can search by email.  Most of the providers are occupational therapists, others are people providing academic therapy.  http://www.vitallinks.net/locator/index.php
If you are interested in reading more about therapeutic listening's role in improving processing, I suggest you read Listening With the Whole Body by Sheila M. Frick.  Clicking on the link will send to Amazon.com to purchase a copy of the book.    Listening with the whole body

When looking for academic intervention to improve phonological awareness, there are several curriculums that will have proven successful.  Interview people to find out if they have been trained in any or all of the following interventions:
             
Linda Mood Bell:








 The Lindamood - Phoneme Sequencing Program for Reading, Spelling, and SpeechThe Lindamood - Phoneme Sequencing Program for Reading, Spelling, and Speech 


Susan Barton:

Barton Reading & Spelling System (Phonemic Awareness, Level 1)Barton Reading & Spelling System (Phonemic Awareness, Level 1)

Barton Reading and Spelling System Level 2


The Barton reading and spelling system: An Orton-Gillingham influenced simultaneously multisensory explicit and systematic phonics program

Phonics revealed: Lesson by lesson


SIPPS:
SIPPS: Challenge level teacher's guide : systematic instruction in phoneme awareness, phonics, and sight words : a polysyllabic decoding unit (Reading for real)SIPPS: Challenge level teacher's guide : systematic instruction in phoneme awareness, phonics, and sight words : a polysyllabic decoding unit (Reading for real)


Orton Gillingham:

The Orton-Gillingham approach (Reprint series)